== Datoole, denominado inicialmente como aparatoEN INGLES:
de energía y de protección contra sobrecarga de corriente eléctrica por fusión, es el dispositivos más antiguo de protección contra posibles fallos en circuitos eléctricos, apareciendo las primeras citas bibliográficas en el año 1774, momento en el que se le empleaba para proteger a condensadores de daños frente a corrientes de descarga de valor excesivo. Durante la década de 1880 es cuando se reconoce su potencial como dispositivo protector de los sistemas eléctricos, que estaban recién comenzando a difundirse. Desde ese momento, hasta la actualidad, los numerosos desarrollos y la aparición de nuevos diseños de fusibles han avanzado al paso de la tecnología, y es que, a pesar de su aparente simplicidad, este dispositivo posee en la actualidad un muy elevado nivel tecnológico, tanto en lo que se refiere a los materiales usados como a las metodologías de fabricación. El fusible coexiste con otros dispositivos protectores, dentro de un marco de cambios tecnológicos muy acelerados que lo hacen aparecer como pasado de moda u obsoleto, lo que no es así.
de energía y de protección contra sobrecarga de corriente eléctrica por fusión, es el dispositivos más antiguo de protección contra posibles fallos en circuitos eléctricos, apareciendo las primeras citas bibliográficas en el año 1774, momento en el que se le empleaba para proteger a condensadores de daños frente a corrientes de descarga de valor excesivo. Durante la década de 1880 es cuando se reconoce su potencial como dispositivo protector de los sistemas eléctricos, que estaban recién comenzando a difundirse. Desde ese momento, hasta la actualidad, los numerosos desarrollos y la aparición de nuevos diseños de fusibles han avanzado al paso de la tecnología, y es que, a pesar de su aparente simplicidad, este dispositivo posee en la actualidad un muy elevado nivel tecnológico, tanto en lo que se refiere a los materiales usados como a las metodologías de fabricación. El fusible coexiste con otros dispositivos protectores, dentro de un marco de cambios tecnológicos muy acelerados que lo hacen aparecer como pasado de moda u obsoleto, lo que no es así.
Este concepto se entiende con mayor facilidad cuando se describe el campo de aplicación actual, cuyosparámetros nominales poseen rangos muy amplios. Las tensiones de trabajo van desde unos pocos voltioshasta 132 kV; las corrientes nominales, desde unos pocos mA hasta 6 kA y las capacidades de ruptura alcanzan en algunos casos los 200 kA.
La producción anual de fusibles supera los 30 millones de unidades, mientras que en la Argentina se utilizan aproximadamente 300.000 unidades anuales. Una industria de tamaño medio puede tener instalados algunos centenares de fusibles y en un automóvil moderno pueden encontrarse en uso entre 40 y 60 fusibles. La mayoría de los equipos electrónicos poseen al menos un fusible. Sus tamaños pueden ser tan pequeños como la cabeza de un fósforo de madera, y en el otro extremo, o sea para aplicaciones de alta tensión y con alta potencia de corto circuito, se encuentran fusibles cuyo peso ronda los 20 kilogramos.
Las estadísticas de producción a nivel mundial indican el crecimiento constante del mercado. Para algunos tipos de fusibles el crecimiento es muy elevado, como es el caso de los dispositivos para circuitos electrónicos de baja potencia y los elementos para uso en automóviles. En cambio, para los fusibles tradicionales (baja y media tensión, y alta capacidad de ruptura) se estima un crecimiento con menor velocidad, del orden del crecimiento de los sistemas eléctricos, que ronda el 3% anual.
El principio de funcionamiento del fusible es muy simple: se basa en intercalar un elemento más débil en el circuito, de manera tal que cuando la corriente alcance niveles que podrían dañar a los componentes del mismo, el fusible se funda e interrumpa la circulación de la corriente. Que el elemento fusible o eslabón débil del circuito alcance la fusión no implica necesariamente que se interrumpa la corriente, siendo esta diferencia la clave para entender la tecnología involucrada en el aparentemente simple fusible.
A lo largo de los años han ido apareciendo fusibles para aplicaciones específicas, tales como proteger líneas, motores, transformadores de potencia, transformadores de tensión, condensadores, semiconductores de potencia, conductores aislados (cables), componentes electrónicos, circuitos impresos,circuitos integrados, etc. Estos tipos tan diversos de fusibes poseen características de selección muy distintas, lo que hace compleja su correcta selección.
Este rango tan amplio requiere que el usuario de fusibles posea un importante nivel de conocimientos, que no es fácil de adquirir por la falta de material informativo de fácil acceso.
Hay que considerar otro factor importante, que es la existencia de fusibles respondiendo a normalizaciones de diversos países. Cuando se habla de los sistemas de distribución de energía eléctrica, se emplean en nuestro medio fusibles de alta potencia respondiendo fundamentalmente a normas europeas, pero para la distribución de media tensión y baja potencia, se emplean elementos afines a la normalización norteamericana.
La normalización europea, en la actualidad prácticamente se ha unificado en las normas IEC (International Electrotechnical Comission), pero en nuestro medio todavía hay infinidad de dispositivos instalados cuyo origen proviene de tiempos anteriores a la unificación. La situación se empeora mucho cuando se hace referencia a los fusibles instalados en equipos, ya sean industriales, electrodomésticos o electrónicos, pues los dispositivos responden a las normas del país de origen del equipamiento.
El abanico de posibilidades de fusibles para equipos de baja tensión es prácticamente ilimitado, pudiendo afirmarse que cada país del mundo está representado con algún fusible. Frente a esta situación, la reposición del fusible es muy difícil de lograr, por lo que debe recurrirse al reemplazo por el dispositivo de características tan parecidas como sea posible, lo que nuevamente requiere de un buen nivel de conocimientos por parte del usuario.
FUSIBLE INDUSTRIAL
Into electricity, is called a fuse to a device, comprising a suitable carrier, a filament or a thin sheet of a metal or alloy of low melting point which is sandwiched at a specific point of an electrical installation to melt, by Effect Joule, when the current intensity exceeded through uncortocircuito or overloading a certain value that could endanger the integrity of the conductors of the installation with the risk of fire or destruction of other elements.
Datoole ==, known initially as an apparatus of power and overload protection for fusion power, is the oldest devices failover protection in electrical circuits, the first citations appearing in 1774, at which he used to protect against damage capacitor discharge currents of excessive value. During the 1880's when it recognizes its potential as a protective device for electrical systems, which were just beginning to spread. From then until today, numerous developments and the emergence of new designs have advanced to the step fuse technology, which is that, despite its apparent simplicity, this device now has a very high technological level, both as regards the materials used as the manufacturing methodologies. The fuse coexists with other protective devices within a context of rapid technological changes that make it appear as outdated or obsolete, what is not.
This concept is more easily understood when describing the scope of current nominal cuyosparámetros have very wide ranges. The operating voltage range from a few voltioshasta 132 kV, rated currents from a few mA up to 6 kA breaking capacity and in some cases reaching 200 kA.
The annual production of fuses over 30 million units, while in Argentina are used approximately 300,000 units annually. A half-size industry can be installed and some hundreds of fuses in a modern automobile may be in use between 40 and 60 fuse. Most electronic devices have at least one fuse. Their size can be as small as the head of a wooden match, and at the other end, ie for high voltage and high power short circuit, are fused weighing around 20 kg.
Production statistics indicate worldwide continued market growth. For some types of fuses growth is very high, as is the case of devices for low-power electronic circuits and elements for use in automobiles. In contrast to traditional fuses (low and medium voltage, high breaking capacity) is expected to grow at a slower pace, the order of growth of electrical systems, at about 3% annually.
The operating principle of the fuse is very simple: it is based on an interlayer weakest element in the circuit, so that when current reaches levels that could damage components thereof, the fuse blows and interrupt the circulation of the outlet. That weak link fuse element or circuit reaches the merger does not necessarily imply that the current is interrupted, the difference being the key to understanding the technology involved in the seemingly simple fuse.
Over the years they have been appearing fuses for specific applications, such as protecting lines, motors, power transformers, voltage transformers, capacitors, semiconductors, insulated conductors (cables), electronic components, printed circuits, integrated circuits, etc. These types of such diverse selection fusibes possess very different characteristics, which complicates their correct selection.
This range as wide requires the user to fuse has a significant level of knowledge, which is not easily acquired by the lack of easily accessible information material.
Consider another important factor is the existence of fuses in response to normalization of various countries. When it comes to the distribution systems of electric power used in our high-current fuses mainly responding to European standards, but for medium voltage distribution and low power, similar elements are used to American standards.
European standardization, currently has nearly unified in IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), but in our country there are still plenty of installed devices whose origin comes from the days before the unification. The situation gets much worse when referring to fuses installed on computers, whether industrial, appliances or electronic devices as meet the standards of the country of origin of equipment.
The range of possibilities of fuses for low voltage equipment is practically unlimited and can be said that every country in the world is represented with a fuse. Given this situation, the replacement of the fuse is very difficult to achieve, so it should be used to replace the device characteristics as similar as possible, which again requires a good level of knowledge by the user.
FUSIBLE INDUSTRIAL
Into electricity, is called a fuse to a device, comprising a suitable carrier, a filament or a thin sheet of a metal or alloy of low melting point which is sandwiched at a specific point of an electrical installation to melt, by Effect Joule, when the current intensity exceeded through uncortocircuito or overloading a certain value that could endanger the integrity of the conductors of the installation with the risk of fire or destruction of other elements.
Datoole ==, known initially as an apparatus of power and overload protection for fusion power, is the oldest devices failover protection in electrical circuits, the first citations appearing in 1774, at which he used to protect against damage capacitor discharge currents of excessive value. During the 1880's when it recognizes its potential as a protective device for electrical systems, which were just beginning to spread. From then until today, numerous developments and the emergence of new designs have advanced to the step fuse technology, which is that, despite its apparent simplicity, this device now has a very high technological level, both as regards the materials used as the manufacturing methodologies. The fuse coexists with other protective devices within a context of rapid technological changes that make it appear as outdated or obsolete, what is not.
This concept is more easily understood when describing the scope of current nominal cuyosparámetros have very wide ranges. The operating voltage range from a few voltioshasta 132 kV, rated currents from a few mA up to 6 kA breaking capacity and in some cases reaching 200 kA.
The annual production of fuses over 30 million units, while in Argentina are used approximately 300,000 units annually. A half-size industry can be installed and some hundreds of fuses in a modern automobile may be in use between 40 and 60 fuse. Most electronic devices have at least one fuse. Their size can be as small as the head of a wooden match, and at the other end, ie for high voltage and high power short circuit, are fused weighing around 20 kg.
Production statistics indicate worldwide continued market growth. For some types of fuses growth is very high, as is the case of devices for low-power electronic circuits and elements for use in automobiles. In contrast to traditional fuses (low and medium voltage, high breaking capacity) is expected to grow at a slower pace, the order of growth of electrical systems, at about 3% annually.
The operating principle of the fuse is very simple: it is based on an interlayer weakest element in the circuit, so that when current reaches levels that could damage components thereof, the fuse blows and interrupt the circulation of the outlet. That weak link fuse element or circuit reaches the merger does not necessarily imply that the current is interrupted, the difference being the key to understanding the technology involved in the seemingly simple fuse.
Over the years they have been appearing fuses for specific applications, such as protecting lines, motors, power transformers, voltage transformers, capacitors, semiconductors, insulated conductors (cables), electronic components, printed circuits, integrated circuits, etc. These types of such diverse selection fusibes possess very different characteristics, which complicates their correct selection.
This range as wide requires the user to fuse has a significant level of knowledge, which is not easily acquired by the lack of easily accessible information material.
Consider another important factor is the existence of fuses in response to normalization of various countries. When it comes to the distribution systems of electric power used in our high-current fuses mainly responding to European standards, but for medium voltage distribution and low power, similar elements are used to American standards.
European standardization, currently has nearly unified in IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), but in our country there are still plenty of installed devices whose origin comes from the days before the unification. The situation gets much worse when referring to fuses installed on computers, whether industrial, appliances or electronic devices as meet the standards of the country of origin of equipment.
The range of possibilities of fuses for low voltage equipment is practically unlimited and can be said that every country in the world is represented with a fuse. Given this situation, the replacement of the fuse is very difficult to achieve, so it should be used to replace the device characteristics as similar as possible, which again requires a good level of knowledge by the user.
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario